Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes On Pregnant Women Using Binary Logistic Regression a Study Federal Medical Centre and Specialist Hospital, Jalingo

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and assess its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the Federal Medical Centre and Specialist Hospital, Jalingo. A total of 250 medical records of pregnant women were reviewed. The prevalence was found to be 18%, with 45 women diagnosed with GDM. Key socio-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were analyzed using chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. The results showed a significant association between age, Body Mass Index (BMI), family history of diabetes, and previous GDM history with the likelihood of developing GDM. Specifically, women aged 26-35 years had 3.33 times higher odds of developing GDM compared to those aged 18-25 years (OR = 3.33, p = 0.009). Overweight and obese women had 6.51 and 9.22 times higher odds, respectively. Women with a family history of diabetes were 2.52 times more likely to develop it, though this result was not statistically significant (OR = 2.52, p = 0.058). Previous GDM history was the strongest predictor, with women who had a previous GDM diagnosis being 10.09 times more likely to develop GDM in subsequent pregnancies (OR = 10.09, p = 0.001). The findings of this study highlight the significant public health concern of GDM in Jalingo.